E. Rossoni and V. Blunda propose different explanations for the origin of the surname Giacalone. Rossoni suggests that it may derive from a dialectal modification of the personal name Giacomo, itself originating from the Hebrew Ya'aqov, traditionally interpreted as “God has protected.” He also notes that, in the Palermo area, the surname could be connected to the place name Giacalone.

Rossoni further observes that the Sicilian dialect word giacaluni designates a species of dormouse and records the surname in the Trapani area from at least the 18th century. According to his research, Giacalone is a surname characteristic of western Sicily, particularly of the province of Trapani and neighboring areas.

V. Blunda, on the other hand, rejects the derivation from a personal name and proposes a purely zoonymic origin. In his interpretation, the surname derives from the Sicilian dialect term giacalùni, meaning “field mouse” or “shrew.” The augmentative suffix -ùni would add the expressive and affectionate nuances typical of rural Sicilian speech. Under this hypothesis, the surname originated as a nickname applied to a person of slight build, quick movements, or an elusive character.

Although the authors differ on its precise origin, both agree that Giacalone is deeply rooted in western Sicily. Whether derived from a personal name, a place name, or a dialectal nickname inspired by a small animal, the surname reflects linguistic and cultural traditions that are characteristic of the island.