According to E. Rossoni, Anesin belongs to a group of surnames typical of northern Italy, especially in Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. The surname has several possible origins, and scholars have proposed phytonymic, toponymic, and patronymic explanations.

One hypothesis traces the surname to the dialectal term ànes, meaning “anise” (Pimpinella anisum). In this interpretation, Anesin would have originated as a nickname associated with the cultivation, trade, or use of the anise plant, a common pattern in Italian surname formation.

A second possibility is a connection with local place names containing the root Anes, making the surname habitational in origin and identifying a family by its place of residence or provenance.

Rossoni also considers a patronymic or matronymic origin. In some cases, surnames of this group may derive from the personal name Agnese, from the Greek Hagné, meaning “pure” or “chaste.” Other scholars have suggested that certain related forms may ultimately be connected with personal names derived from the Latin Iohannes (John), meaning “God has shown mercy.”

Rossoni notes that the form Anesin is particularly associated with the Trentino area, especially around Pergine, Civezzano, and Piné, where it has long been established.

Overall, Anesin is a northern Italian surname with multiple possible origins, most commonly linked to the dialect word for anise, local place names, or personal names such as Agnese.