The surname Bergamaschi and its variants —such as Bergamasco and Bergomi— have a clear toponymic origin, linked to the city of Bergamo and its gentilic bergamasco. According to E. Rossoni, they derive directly from this place name or from its ethnic form, indicating the geographical provenance of the founder of the lineage. This type of surname was common in the Middle Ages to identify people who moved from their place of origin to other regions.

From the point of view of diffusion, E. Rossoni notes that Bergamaschi is spread throughout central-northern Italy, with particular presence in Lombardy, Veneto and Emilia, while Bergamasco appears both in the north and in the south, and Bergomi is clearly Lombard. These differences reflect regional adaptations of the same common origin.

For his part, F. De Laurentiis interprets these surnames as derived from forms such as Bergami, stressing their main function as an indicator of provenance. Taken together, the various interpretations agree in pointing to a geographical origin linked to Bergamo, with an evolution into various variants according to the areas of settlement and local linguistic transformations.